AP Biology

Cell biology, genetics, evolution, and ecology

Exam Format

Know the structure before you walk in.

Multiple Choice

Section I

60 questions, 90 minutes, 50% of score.
Covers all 8 units with emphasis on application and analysis.

Free Response

Section II

6 questions (2 long, 4 short), 90 minutes, 50% of score.
Tests scientific investigation, conceptual analysis, and model analysis.

Key Policies

Calculator & Materials

Four-function calculator allowed.
Formula sheet provided. Total time: 3 hours.

Scoring

Scale 1–5

Approximately 14% of students score a 5.
Scores of 3+ typically earn college credit.

Units

Click any unit to access study guides, practice tests, flashcards, videos, and more.

Unit 1

Chemistry of Life

Water, macromolecules, enzymes, and the structure and function of biological molecules

Unit 2

Cell Structure and Function

Cell organelles, membranes, transport, and cell-cell interactions

Unit 3

Cellular Energetics

Photosynthesis, cellular respiration, and fermentation pathways

Unit 4

Cell Communication and Cell Cycle

Signal transduction pathways, cell division, and regulation of the cell cycle

Unit 5

Heredity

Mendelian genetics, meiosis, inheritance patterns, and genetic disorders

Unit 6

Gene Expression and Regulation

Transcription, translation, mutations, and gene regulation mechanisms

Unit 7

Natural Selection

Evolution, phylogeny, population genetics, and speciation

Unit 8

Ecology

Population ecology, community interactions, ecosystems, and global change

Course Resources

Everything you need to master AP Biology.

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Study Guide

Complete unit-by-unit breakdown with key concepts and formulas.

Open Guide

Practice Test

Full-length timed exam with AP-style questions and scoring.

Start Test
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Flashcards

Key terms and concepts in an easy-to-review format.

Study Cards
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Video Lessons

Step-by-step walkthroughs of the hardest topics.

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Cheat Sheet

One-page printable with all essential formulas and facts.

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AI Tutor

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Also studying IB? Check out IB Biology